Types of Spinal Injections

By The Pain Experts of Arizona

Spinal injections, commonly known as epidural injections, help manage pain and diagnose certain conditions. But why are they called “epidural” injections? The term “epi” comes from the Greek word meaning “on” or “upon,” while “dura” refers to the outermost layer of the sac surrounding the spinal cord and nerve roots. Essentially, an epidural injection delivers medication into the space around the dura, known as the epidural space.

Types of Spinal Injections

Physicians categorize epidural injections into three primary types based on the needle’s approach to the epidural space:

Caudal Epidural Injection

The spinal canal ends with an opening called the sacral hiatus. In this procedure, the physician delivers medication through the sacral hiatus into the epidural space. This approach often treats lower back pain and leg pain caused by conditions like sciatica or herniated discs.

Interlaminar Epidural Injection

This type of injection involves inserting the needle between the laminae, a part of the vertebral bone, to access the epidural space. Physicians frequently use interlaminar injections to relieve pain that radiates from the lower back down to the legs.

Transforaminal Epidural Injection

In this approach, the physician injects medication near the nerve roots as they exit the spinal canal through small openings called foramina. This precise method effectively reduces inflammation and pain caused by nerve root compression.

Other Types of Spinal Injections

Beyond traditional epidural injections, additional spinal injection techniques serve both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes:

Selective Nerve Root Block (SNRB)

• Purpose: Physicians typically use an SNRB for diagnostic purposes, injecting a local anesthetic around a specific nerve root to determine if it is the pain source.
• Applications: Combining SNRBs with imaging studies, physical exams, and patient history helps pinpoint the exact location of nerve compression or irritation.

Medial Branch Block (MBB)

• Purpose: This procedure targets the medial branch nerves that supply the facet joints. By temporarily numbing these nerves, physicians determine whether the facet joints cause the pain.
• Applications: Patients with facet joint arthritis or other degenerative spine conditions benefit from this diagnostic tool.

Facet Joint Injection

• Purpose: These injections deliver medication directly into the facet joints, the small joints between each vertebra. They work similarly to arthritis treatments, providing relief from localized spinal pain.
• Applications: This treatment proves effective for conditions like osteoarthritis or mechanical back pain.

Sacroiliac (SI) Joint Injection

• Purpose: The sacroiliac joints connect the sacrum (the triangular bone at the spine’s base) to the ilium (part of the pelvis). SI joint injections reduce inflammation and alleviate pain.
• Applications: Physicians recommend this procedure for patients experiencing lower back pain that radiates to the buttocks or legs.

When Are Spinal Injections Recommended?

Spinal injections are not the first treatment option for back pain. Most patients manage their pain with physical therapy, medications, or lifestyle changes. However, when pain persists despite these measures or when diagnostic clarity is necessary, physicians may consider spinal injections.

What to Expect During a Spinal Injection Procedure

At The Pain Experts of Arizona, our specialists perform spinal injections using image guidance, such as fluoroscopy (live X-ray) or ultrasound, to ensure precision and safety. Here’s what to expect:

1. Preparation: The patient lies in a comfortable position while the physician sterilizes the injection site. A local anesthetic numbs the area.
2. Imaging Guidance: The physician uses imaging technology to guide the needle to the exact location.
3. Injection: The physician carefully injects a combination of a local anesthetic and a steroid into the targeted area.
4. Recovery: Patients undergo brief monitoring after the procedure and usually return to normal activities the same day.

Why Choose The Pain Experts of Arizona?

The Pain Experts of Arizona specialize in advanced, minimally invasive treatments for chronic pain. Our board-certified specialists provide personalized care tailored to each patient’s unique needs. Whether you suffer from persistent back pain, nerve pain, or joint issues, we offer solutions to help you find relief and improve your quality of life.

Take the Next Step

If you struggle with back pain that does not respond to conventional treatments, a spinal injection might be the solution. Contact The Pain Experts of Arizona today at (480) 550-9393 to schedule a consultation and explore your options for pain relief.